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William Wordsworth

English Romantic poet (1770–1850)

"Wordsworth" redirects here. For other uses, see Wordsworth (disambiguation).

For the English composer, see William Wordsworth (composer). For the British academic and journalist in India, see William Christopher Wordsworth.

William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 – 23 April 1850) was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with their joint publication Lyrical Ballads (1798).

Wordsworth's magnum opus is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi-autobiographical poem of his early years that he revised and expanded a number of times. It was posthumously titled and published by his wife in the year of his death, before which it was generally known as "The Poem to Coleridge".

Wordsworth was Poet Laureate from 1843 until his death from pleurisy on 23 April 1850. He remains one of the most recognizable names in English poetry and was a key figure of the Romantic poets.

Early life

Family and education

Main article: Early life of William Wordsworth

The second of five children born to John Wordsworth and Ann Cookson, William Wordsworth was born on 7 April 1770 in what is now named Wordsworth House in Cockermouth, Cumberland (now in Cumbria), part of the scenic region in northwestern England known as the Lake District. William's sister, the poet and diarist Dorothy Wordsworth, to whom he was close all his life, was born the following year, and the two were baptised together. They had three other siblings: Richard, the eldest, who became a lawyer; John Wordsworth, born after Dorothy, who went to sea and died in 1805 when the ship of which he was captain, the Earl of Abergavenny, was wrecked off the south coast of England; and Christopher, the youngest, who entered the Church and rose to be Master of Trinity College, Cambridge.

Wordsworth's father was a legal representative of Jam

The Solitary Reaper

1807 ballad by William Wordsworth

"The Solitary Reaper" is a lyric poem by English Romantic poet William Wordsworth, and one of his best-known works. The poem was inspired by his and his sister Dorothy's stay at the village of Strathyre in the parish of Balquhidder in Scotland in September 1803.

"The Solitary Reaper" is one of Wordsworth's most famous post-Lyrical Ballads lyrics. The words of the reaper's song are incomprehensible to the speaker, so his attention is free to focus on the tone, expressive beauty and the blissful mood it creates in him. The poem functions to "praise the beauty of music and its fluid expressive beauty", the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings: it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquility" that Wordsworth identified at the heart of poetry. The poet orders or requests his listeners to behold a young maiden reaping and singing to herself. The poet says that anyone passing by should either stop or gently pass as not to disturb her. There is a controversy however over the importance of the reaper along with Nature.

It was published in Poems, in Two Volumes in 1807.

Summary

In this poem, the poet (William Wordsworth) tells us about a girl, a Highland lass, who is in a field alone: "single in the field". As she is harvesting her crops, she is singing a maybe sad tune which echoes in the deep valley. The poet is not very sure what the song is about but, because of the tune of the song he can predict the song is sad. The speaker asks us to stop and listen to her tune or "gently pass".

He tells us that no nightingale has sung a welcoming song to wanderers in the deserts. He goes on to say that a cuckoo bird, at its best, during springtime cannot hum a tune better. Her singing is the only sound breaking the silence in the Hebrides, a groups of islands off the coast of Scotland.

The poet has not a clue that, what this song is about

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    Buy Study Guide

    • Rebecca Cantor, author of ClassicNote. Completed on August 09, 2007, copyright held by GradeSaver.
    • Updated and revised by Jordan Berkow November 17, 2007. Copyright held by GradeSaver.
    • Geoffrey H. Hartman. Wordsworth's Poetry: 1787-1814. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1964.
    • John L. Mahoney. William Wordsworth: A Poetic Life. New York: Fordham University Press, 1997.
    • Russell Noyes. William Wordsworth. New York: Twayne Publishers, Inc., 1971.
    • John Williams. William Wordsworth: A Literary Life. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996.
    • William Wordsworth. The Major Works. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.
    • Abrams, M.H., Stephen Greenblatt, Alfred David, et. al. Eds. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. New York: Norton, 2001.

    The Solitary Reaper

    Original Text

    William Wordsworth, Poems in Two Volumes (1807). See The Manuscript of William Wordsworth's Poems, in Two Volumes (1807): A Facsimile (London: British Library, 1984). bib MASS (Massey College, Toronto).

    1Behold her, single in the field,

    2Yon solitary Highland Lass!

    3Reaping and singing by herself;

    4Stop here, or gently pass!

    5Alone she cuts and binds the grain,

    6And sings a melancholy strain;

    7O listen! for the Vale profound

    8Is overflowing with the sound.

    9No Nightingale did ever chaunt

    10More welcome notes to weary bands

    11Of travellers in some shady haunt,

    12Among Arabian sands:

    13A voice so thrilling ne'er was heard

    14In spring-time from the Cuckoo-bird,

    15Breaking the silence of the seas

    16Among the farthest Hebrides.

    17Will no one tell me what she sings?--

    18Perhaps the plaintive numbers flow

    19For old, unhappy, far-off things,

    20And battles long ago:

    21Or is it some more humble lay,

    22Familiar matter of to-day?

    23Some natural sorrow, loss, or pain,

    24That has been, and may be again?

    25Whate'er the theme, the Maiden sang

    26As if her song could have no ending;

    27I saw her singing at her work,

    28And o'er the sickle bending;--

    29I listened, motionless and still;

    30And, as I mounted up the hill,

    31The music in my heart I bore,

    32Long after it was heard no more.

    Notes

    1] Coleridge, Wordsworth, and his sister had visited the Scottish Highlands in 1803. Dorothy's Recollections for September 13 that year notes: "It was harvest time, and the fields were quietly -- might I be allowed to say pensively? -- enlivened by small companies of reapers. It is not uncommon in the more lonely parts of the Highlands to see a single person so employed." In a note to the 1807 edition, Wordsworth traced the poem's source: "This Poem was suggested by a beautiful sentence in a MS Tour in Scotland written by a Friend, the last line being taken from it verbatim." Thomas Wilkinso

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